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Hans Joachim Morgenthau (February 17, 1904 – July 19, 1980) was one of the major twentieth-century figures in the study of international politics. Morgenthau's works belong to the tradition of Realism in international-relations theory, and he is usually considered, along with George F. Kennan and Reinhold Neibuhr, one of the three leading American realists of the post-World War II period. Morgenthau made landmark contributions to international relations theory and the study of international law. His ''Politics Among Nations'', first published in 1948, went through five editions during his lifetime. Morgenthau also wrote widely about international politics and U.S. foreign policy for general-circulation publications such as ''The New Leader'', ''Commentary'', ''Worldview'', ''The New York Review of Books,'' and ''The New Republic''. He knew and corresponded with many of the leading intellectuals and writers of his era, such as Reinhold Niebuhr,〔Rice, Daniel. Reinhold Niebuhr and His Circle of Influence, University of Cambridge Press, 2013, complete chapter on Hans Morgenthau.〕 George F. Kennan,〔Rice, Daniel. Reinhold Niebuhr and His Circle of Influence, University of Cambridge Press, 2013, complete chapter on George Kennan.〕 and Hannah Arendt.〔Klusmeyer, Douglas. "Beyond Tragedy: Hannah Arendt and Hans Morgenthau on Responsibility, Evil and Political Ethics." International Studies Review 11, no.2 (2009): 332–351.〕 At one point in the early Cold War, Morgenthau was a consultant to the U.S. Department of State when Kennan headed its Policy Planning Staff, and a second time during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations until he was dismissed by Johnson when he began to publicly criticize American policy in Vietnam. For most of his career, however, Morgenthau was esteemed as an academic interpreter of U.S. foreign policy.〔Morgenthau, Hans (1982). ''In Defense of the National Interest: A Critical Examination of American Foreign Policy'', with a new introduction by Kenneth W. Thompson (Washington, D.C.: University Press of America, 1982).〕 ==Education, career, and personal life== Morgenthau was born in an Ashkenazi Jewish family in Coburg, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Germany in 1904, and, after attending Casimirianum, was educated at the universities of Berlin, Frankfurt, Munich, and pursued postgraduate work at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva, Switzerland. He taught and practiced law in Frankfurt before emigrating to the United States in 1937, after several interim years in Switzerland and Spain. Morgenthau taught in Kansas City from 1939–1943, during which time he attended the Keneseth Israel Shalom Congregation.〔Hartmut Behr and Felix Roesch, intro. to Morgenthau's ''The Concept of the Political'', trans. M. Vidal, Palgrave Macmillan, 2012, p.13.〕 Morgenthau then taught at the University of Chicago until 1973, when he moved to New York and took a professorial chair at the City University of New York (CUNY). On moving to New York, Morgenthau separated from his wife, who remained in Chicago partly due to medical issues. He is reported twice to have tried to initiate plans to start a new family while in New York, once with the political philosopher Hannah Arendt as documented by her biographer,〔Young-Bruehl, Elizabeth. Hannah Arendt: For Love of the World, Second Edition, Yale University Press, 2004.〕 and a second time with Ethel Person (d. 2012), a medical professor at Columbia University (she documents this in her essay for the Morgenthau Centenary in 2004).〔Mazur, G.O., ed. One Hundred Year Commemoration to the Life of Hans Morgenthau. New York: Semenenko, 2004.〕 On October 8, 1979, Morgenthau was one of the passengers on board Swissair Flight 316, which crashed while trying to land at Athens-Ellinikon International Airport,〔(Small amount of plutonium missing from crashed jet )〕 while he was en route on a flight destined for Bombay and Peking. Morgenthau died after a brief hospitalization on July 19, 1980, after being admitted with a grave diagnosis of a perforated ulcer at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York, according to the account recorded by Ethel Person.〔(Hans Morgenthau dies; noted political scientist )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hans Morgenthau」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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